Eye Diseases: FAQ

Myopia causes the eye to see objects at far distances blurred, while in hyperopia the eye focuses light behind the retina; near objects in particular look blurred, and as the degree increases distant objects blur too. Both conditions are caused by the eye's inability to focus light properly.

Astigmatism occurs when the cornea or lens in the eye is not properly curved. This causes light not to focus properly on the retina and images appear blurred or distorted. Glasses, lenses or laser surgery can be used to treat astigmatism.

Strabismus is a condition in which the two eyes are not parallel. While one eye looks straight, the other eye may shift in different directions. Strabismus can be treated with glasses, exercise or surgical intervention.

Presbyopia is an eye disease that makes near vision difficult as a result of age-related loss of flexibility of the lens of the eye. It usually starts to be seen after the 40s.

Glaucoma is a disease in which the visual nerve is damaged by high pressure inside the eye, which can lead to vision loss. Early diagnosis is important because glaucoma usually develops slowly and can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated.

Dry eyes are characterised by symptoms such as burning, stinging, itching, redness and blurred vision. Treatment can be done with tear drops or medications that increase tear production.

Eye floaters are the visual perception of small particles moving inside the eye. Most floaters are harmless and need no treatment; vitreolysis is considered only in selected cases. A sudden increase in floaters or flashes of light needs an urgent eye examination.

Night blindness is difficulty seeing in the dark or in dim light. This is usually caused by the eye having difficulty adapting to light. Treatment depends on the underlying cause: causes such as vitamin A deficiency or cataract can be treated, while inherited diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa have no definitive cure.

Allergic conjunctivitis is an allergic reaction that affects the white part of the eye and causes symptoms such as itching, redness and watering. Antihistamine eye drops or medicines can be used for treatment.

Complaints such as numbness, pain, stinging, burning, excessive watering, discharge, itching, squinting, narrowing of the visual field and loss of vision may be symptoms of vision problems.

If the patient's eye structure is appropriate, up to 10 dioptres of myopia and up to 5 dioptres of astigmatism and hyperopia can be treated with the iLASIK method.

No, allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious. It occurs as a result of an allergic reaction and is not caused by germs.

The ophthalmologist makes a diagnosis by listening to the patient's symptoms and performing an eye examination. In severe cases, allergy tests may be performed.

Avoiding allergens, not going out on days with high pollen density, paying attention to regular eye hygiene and using sunglasses can reduce the risk of allergic conjunctivitis.

Antihistamine drops, mast cell stabilisers, artificial tears and, in some cases, steroid-containing drugs are used in the treatment. The choice of medication depends on the doctor's assessment.

Yes, it can also be common in children, especially due to seasonal allergies. Sensitisation to allergens in children usually begins at an early age.

If left untreated, there may be persistent discomfort in the eyes, irritation due to itching and a risk of corneal damage. In addition, the risk of infection on the eye surface may increase. Therefore, treatment should not be neglected.

Lazy eye is usually diagnosed during an eye examination. Especially in children, comprehensive eye examinations at an early age are important for diagnosis.

Yes, it can be treated if detected early. Treatment options may include the use of an eye patch, glasses, medications, visual therapy or surgery. Treatment is usually more effective at an earlier age.

Treatment of lazy eye is most effective before the age of 7-8; it can also be tried in older children.

Yes, lazy eye can occur in both eyes. However, one eye is usually affected more than the other.

The treatment of lazy eye usually does not require surgery. However, if there are underlying causes such as strabismus or cataracts, surgical intervention may be necessary.

In eye patch treatment, the stronger eye is closed and the weaker eye is made to work harder. This helps to strengthen the signals to the brain from the weaker eye.

If left untreated, lazy eye can lead to permanent vision loss. In addition, problems such as impaired depth perception, decreased quality of life and loss of functional vision may occur. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is very important.

The ophthalmologist diagnoses dry eye using methods such as the Schirmer test or examination of the eye surface. These tests measure the quantity and quality of tears.

Symptoms of dry eye can be controlled. Treatment may include tear drops, gel, warm compresses applied to the eyelids or lifestyle changes.

Artificial tear drops are the most commonly used treatment. Prescription anti-inflammatory drops may also be used in more severe cases.

Avoiding looking at the computer screen for a long time, blinking frequently, using moisturising devices and drinking plenty of water can alleviate dry eye.

Dry eye does not usually cause blindness. However, if left untreated, the risk of eye surface injury and infection may increase.

Yes, but contact lenses can be difficult to wear. The ophthalmologist may recommend specially designed moisturising lenses.

Using artificial tear drops, foods containing omega-3, warm compresses, eye contour massages and environmental moisturisers can alleviate the symptoms of dry eye.

Eye twitching can be caused by stress, fatigue, caffeine consumption, dry eyes, allergies, lack of sleep or prolonged screen time. Rarely, it can be a symptom of nervous system disorders.

In most cases, eye twitching is harmless and goes away on its own. However, if it persists for a long time or is accompanied by other neurological symptoms, a doctor should be consulted.

Yes, stress is one of the most common causes of eye twitching. Relaxation techniques and stress management can reduce twitching.

Getting enough sleep, reducing caffeine consumption, limiting screen time, using artificial tear drops if there is dry eye and reducing stress can help prevent eye twitching.

If the twitching lasts for more than a few weeks, affects all facial muscles, causes the eyelids to close completely or is accompanied by other neurological symptoms, a doctor should be consulted.

Deficiencies in vitamins such as B12 and D, and in minerals such as magnesium, can lead to eye twitching. A balanced diet and, if necessary, the use of supplements can prevent this condition.

Glaucoma is diagnosed by an ophthalmologist using intraocular pressure measurement, assessment of the optic nerve and visual field tests.

Glaucoma is progressive damage to the optic nerve; the most important risk factor is raised intraocular pressure caused by poor drainage of the fluid inside the eye. Risk factors such as genetic factors, age, long-term steroid use and eye injuries may increase the risk of glaucoma.

Untreated glaucoma leads to vision loss over time and can cause permanent blindness.

Early diagnosis of glaucoma can stop or slow the progression of the disease with treatment. Early intervention can prevent vision loss.

Myopia is a visual impairment in which the eye cannot focus light properly, causing objects at a distance to appear blurred. This condition occurs when light is focused in front of the retina due to the shape of the eye.

Hyperopia is a visual impairment in which the eye cannot focus light properly, causing objects at close range to appear blurred. In this condition, light is focussed behind the retina, which causes difficulty in seeing close up. As the degree increases, distance vision also becomes blurred.

The use of glasses or contact lenses is necessary to correct myopia or hyperopia without surgical intervention. Since these visual defects are caused by defects in the shape or refractive power of the eye, these problems are temporarily corrected with glasses or contact lenses, except for surgical intervention (e.g. laser treatment). However, these treatment methods do not provide a permanent solution.

Nystagmus may be temporary in some cases (such as alcohol intake or certain medicines). However, nystagmus caused by congenital or neurological disorders is usually permanent.

Eye tremor is usually a symptom of a disease. Detailed examination and tests should be performed to diagnose the underlying cause.

Yes, eye tremor often leads to vision problems. It can cause blurred or unclear perception of images.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Symptoms can be alleviated with glasses, contact lenses, prismatic lenses, medications or surgical methods. In neurological causes, an appropriate treatment plan is made.

Stress does not usually cause nystagmus on its own, although it can make existing nystagmus more noticeable. The eyelid twitching that often comes with stress and lack of sleep is a different, harmless condition called myokymia. Permanent nystagmus is usually the result of a more serious underlying cause.

Presbyopia usually starts around the age of 40 and may worsen with advancing age.

Failure to see objects clearly at close range, the need to squint while reading and headaches are symptoms of presbyopia.

Yes, presbyopia can be treated. Glasses, contact lenses or multifocal lens method can be treated.

Glasses are the most common solution. After the age of forty we usually recommend an intraocular lens (multifocal or trifocal) to restore near vision. Laser methods such as Presbyond are also available, but because the prescription is quite likely to return within a few years, a lens is generally preferred at this age. The examination decides which option suits you.

Glasses are the most common and simple method of presbyopia treatment. Glasses, which are especially suitable for people who have difficulty seeing close distances, provide clear vision.

Presbyopia occurs when the lens of the eye loses its flexibility. As we age, the lens acquires a hardness that makes it difficult to focus clearly at close distances.

Yes. Strabismus surgery can be carried out at any age. In adults, aligning the eyes can reduce double vision and improve appearance, although the depth perception that can be gained in childhood may not always be fully achieved.

No. The operation is carried out on the muscles on the outer surface of the eye, and the eyeball is not opened. The alignment of the eyes is corrected by adjusting the position or tension of these muscles.

For most patients one operation is enough; in some, a slight turn can return over time and a further correction may be needed. In children, continuing with glasses and patching helps to keep the result.

The most common symptom is constant or frequently recurring watering of the eye. There may also be crusting, swelling and redness at the inner corner of the eye and sometimes a discharge from infection.

Many congenital blockages open on their own within the first year. The duct massage your doctor shows you supports this; if the duct does not open, probing can be carried out.

Treatment is planned according to where the blockage is and what has caused it. For a permanent blockage, an operation that creates a new drainage route for tears into the nose (DCR, dacryocystorhinostomy) may be carried out.